State laws
Electric dirt-bike legality by state
Sur-Ron-class bikes are usually off-highway vehicles, not e-bikes. These pages summarize state-specific rules from DMV, OHV, and statute sources.
CA
California
Not street-legal as sold
Off-highway motorcycle (OHV)
TX
Texas
Conversion path only
Off-highway vehicle (off-road motorcycle)
FL
Florida
Not street-legal as sold
Motor vehicle (electric dirt bike; exceeds e-bike limits)
NY
New York
Conversion path only
Off-road motor vehicle (unregistered)
PA
Pennsylvania
Not street-legal as sold
Off-road vehicle (ATV-class, DCNR)
OH
Ohio
Conversion path only
Off-highway motorcycle (OHM)
MI
Michigan
Not street-legal as sold
Off-road vehicle (ORV)
GA
Georgia
Not street-legal as sold
Off-road motorcycle (exceeds the 750W electric-bicycle limit)
NC
North Carolina
Not street-legal as sold
Off-road motorcycle (too powerful for an e-bike, too fast for a moped)
AZ
Arizona
Conversion path only
Off-highway vehicle (OHV) / off-road motorcycle (exceeds the 750W e-bike limit)
WA
Washington
Conversion path only
Off-road vehicle (ORV) / off-road motorcycle (exceeds the 750W e-bike limit)
CO
Colorado
Conversion path only
Off-highway vehicle (OHV); on-road a motorcycle (Colorado classifies bikes over 4,476 W as motorcycles)
NV
Nevada
Conversion path only
Off-highway vehicle / off-road motorcycle (not an e-bike, moped, or scooter — exceeds those limits and has no pedals)
IL
Illinois
Conversion path only
Motor-driven cycle / off-highway motorcycle — exceeds the 750 W and 20 mph e-bike limits and has no pedals, so it is not a low-speed electric bicycle
TN
Tennessee
Conversion path only
Off-highway / off-road motorcycle — not an e-bike (exceeds the wattage and speed limits and has no pedals). Tennessee can issue an OHV title.
NJ
New Jersey
Conversion path only
Motorcycle-class off-road vehicle — too powerful for an electric bicycle (no pedals, exceeds the wattage/speed limits). New Jersey registers off-road dirt bikes and ATVs.
VA
Virginia
Restricted or local-only
Off-road motorcycle / motorcycle-class motor vehicle — too powerful for an electric bicycle (Virginia e-bikes need pedals and a motor of no more than 750 W).
MA
Massachusetts
Restricted or local-only
Recreation/off-highway vehicle (off-highway motorcycle or dirt bike) registered through the Massachusetts Environmental Police for off-road use — too powerful for an electric bicycle and not practically street-registrable as sold.
UT
Utah
Conversion path only
Off-highway vehicle (off-road motorcycle) — too powerful for an electric bicycle; OHV-registered for off-road use and convertible to a street-legal motorcycle.
OR
Oregon
Restricted or local-only
Class III ATV (off-road motorcycle) for off-highway use; too powerful for Oregon's electric-assisted bicycle rules and not convertible to street-legal unless manufactured for highway use.
IN
Indiana
Not street-legal as sold
Off-road vehicle (ORV)
WI
Wisconsin
Not street-legal as sold
Off-highway motorcycle (OHM)
MO
Missouri
Conversion path only
Dirt bike / title-required motor vehicle; not an e-bike or ATV
MD
Maryland
Not street-legal as sold
Off-road vehicle (ORV)
MN
Minnesota
Conversion path only
Off-highway motorcycle (OHM)
SC
South Carolina
Conversion path only
Motorcycle-class motor vehicle / off-road dirt bike; not an ATV
AL
Alabama
Conversion path only
Off-road motorcycle / motorcycle-class motor vehicle; not an electric bicycle or ATV
LA
Louisiana
Restricted or local-only
Off-road vehicle / off-road motorcycle; limited shoulder and crossing use, not a normal street motorcycle
KY
Kentucky
Restricted or local-only
Off-road motorcycle / off-highway vehicle; limited crossing or local-road use only
OK
Oklahoma
Conversion path only
Off-road motorcycle; motorcycle-class vehicle only after accepted street conversion
MS
Mississippi
Restricted or local-only
Off-road vehicle / dirt bike; local-law road use only
AR
Arkansas
Conversion path only
Off-road motorcycle / motorcycle-class motor vehicle if converted; not an ATV or electric bicycle
KS
Kansas
Conversion path only
Off-road dirt bike / motorcycle if converted; not an ATV or e-bike
IA
Iowa
Restricted or local-only
Off-road motorcycle (ORM); treated as an all-terrain vehicle for Iowa OHV registration/titling/operation, not a low-speed e-bike
WV
West Virginia
Conversion path only
Off-road dirt bike / motorcycle-class vehicle if converted; not a low-speed e-bike or ATV/UTV Special Purpose Vehicle shortcut
CT
Connecticut
Conversion path only
Off-road dirt bike / two-wheel trail bike if DMV-registered for off-road access; motorcycle-class vehicle if accepted for road use; not a low-speed e-bike
NM
New Mexico
Not street-legal as sold
Off-highway motorcycle (OHM): a two-wheel, straddle-seat, handlebar-steered off-highway motor vehicle; public-land OHV registration required; no off-road-to-street conversion path