Are electric dirt bikes street-legal in California?

SB-586 (signed October 2025, effective January 1, 2026) formally classifies Sur-Ron-class bikes as off-highway electric motorcycles requiring a Green Sticker — not electric bicycles or mopeds. A separate 2024 law, SB-1271, bars selling or labeling a vehicle as an 'electric bicycle' unless it meets Vehicle Code 312.5. SB-1167 (introduced February 2026) has since advanced through the legislature: it passed the Senate, moved to the Assembly, was amended in Assembly on June 22 and July 1, 2026, cleared Assembly Appropriations, and as of the August 20, 2026 official status was read a third time and amended and ordered to third reading — an active bill in the Assembly floor process, still unsigned. The latest bill text broadens the prohibition on advertising, selling, offering for sale, or labeling motor-driven cycles, mopeds, and similar vehicles as electric bicycles; adds disclosure, labeling, battery-safety, incident-reporting, and definition changes; and still includes a proposed highway/public-right-of-way operating prohibition/removal authority for 2- or 3-wheel electric devices capable of more than 20 mph on motor power alone unless the device is Vehicle-Code-authorized. The current governing law remains SB-586 until any pending bill is enacted.